{"id":6152,"date":"2026-04-09T10:34:55","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T02:34:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/?p=6152"},"modified":"2026-04-14T11:47:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T03:47:09","slug":"what-is-a-pyranometer-and-how-does-it-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/blog\/what-is-a-pyranometer-and-how-does-it-work","title":{"rendered":"Pyranometer l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n chi ph\u1ed1i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Pyranometer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y; n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i-tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i, hay th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 pyranometer l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea9m nang to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd mua h\u00e0ng, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e2ng cao. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea9m nang n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image6152_5bfc6e-c5 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image6152_5bfc6e-c5\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Radiation.jpg\" alt=\"B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-6061\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Radiation.jpg 538w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Radiation-300x258.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Radiation-14x12.jpg 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pyranometer l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pyranometer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb watt tr\u00ean m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng (W\/m\u00b2). Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi pyrheliometer ch\u1ec9 \u0111o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u0129a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, pyranometer \u0111o t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n do kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n t\u00e1n x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cpyranometer\u201d b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb hai t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p l\u00e0 pyr (l\u1eeda) v\u00e0 ano (b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi), ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u1eeda tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi\u201d. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ngang to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GHI) \u2013 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/blog\/what-is-solar-radiation\/\">B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pyranometer ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>: C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u00e0u \u0111en. B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 sinh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nh\u1ecf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. M\u1ed9t v\u00f2m k\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn (285\u20132800 nm) \u0111i qua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn photodiode (t\u1ebf b\u00e0o silicon)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i-\u1ed1t quang silicon, t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n, \u0111i-\u1ed1t quang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n (400\u20131100 nm), d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi so v\u1edbi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u2014 kho\u1ea3ng 1361 W\/m\u00b2 t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh: GHI, DNI v\u00e0 DHI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pvpmc.sandia.gov\/modeling-guide\/1-weather-design-inputs\/irradiance-insolation\/global-horizontal-irradiance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ngang to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GHI)<\/a><\/strong>: T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m ngang, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11175195\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (DNI)<\/a><\/strong>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u0129a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia n\u1eafng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (pyrheliometer) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo d\u00f5i M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng DNI, m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung (CSP).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pvpmc.sandia.gov\/modeling-guide\/1-weather-design-inputs\/irradiance-insolation\/diffuse-horizontal-irradiance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ngang khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n (DHI)<\/a><\/strong>: B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 b\u1ecb t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 b\u1edfi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<br><strong>GHI = DNI \u00d7 cos(\u03b8) + DHI<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u03b8 l\u00e0 g\u00f3c thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. Trong ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t sai s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/strong>: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn (tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 1.450 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.420 tri\u1ec7u) c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) lo\u1ea1i A theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9060 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c l\u00ean 21% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (PR), b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (PR) gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n b\u00e1m tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m pin ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t doanh thu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-1024x683.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" class=\"wp-image-6191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Solar-Energy-Applications.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Penman-Monteith, v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i tham chi\u1ebfu (ET\u2080), \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong>: B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 quang h\u1ee3p (PAR) \u2014 lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p \u2014 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn PAR \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring-1024x683.webp\" alt=\"Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\" class=\"wp-image-6192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Agricultural-and-Environmental-Monitoring.webp 1086w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 \u201chi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edd \u0111i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tinh vi trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"588\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research-1024x588.webp\" alt=\"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" class=\"wp-image-6193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research-1024x588.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research-300x172.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research-768x441.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Meteorological-Research.webp 1128w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yantai Sensor cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u1ef1c t\u00edm (UV), b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e1y \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng UV RYZW<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111o: 200\u2013400 nm (UV-A, UV-B, UV-C); \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: \u00b15%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m: \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tia UV; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/RYZW-UV-Light-Intensity-Meter.webp\" alt=\"M\u00e1y \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng UV RYZW\" class=\"wp-image-6194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/RYZW-UV-Light-Intensity-Meter.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/RYZW-UV-Light-Intensity-Meter-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/RYZW-UV-Light-Intensity-Meter-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/RYZW-UV-Light-Intensity-Meter-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/san-pham\/cam-bien-buc-xa-mat-troi-tia-uv\/\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tia UV RY-ZW cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi TBQ 2C<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ki\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea3i quang ph\u1ed5: 285\u20132800 nm; \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: \u00b15%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m: \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao; th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image6152_795de0-7f .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image6152_795de0-7f\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/TBQ-2C-Solar-Radiation-Sensors-Pyranometers-edited.webp\" alt=\"M\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-6195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/TBQ-2C-Solar-Radiation-Sensors-Pyranometers-edited.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/TBQ-2C-Solar-Radiation-Sensors-Pyranometers-edited-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/TBQ-2C-Solar-Radiation-Sensors-Pyranometers-edited-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/TBQ-2C-Solar-Radiation-Sensors-Pyranometers-edited-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/san-pham\/tbq-2c-pyranometer-solar-radiation-sensor\/\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi TBQ-2C Pyranometer<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p XF-C60<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea3i quang ph\u1ed5: 285\u20132800 nm; \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: \u00b13%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i cao, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image6152_47701e-94 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image6152_47701e-94 size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-C60-Total-Solar-Intensity-Sensor-edited.webp\" alt=\"C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p XF-C60\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-6197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-C60-Total-Solar-Intensity-Sensor-edited.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-C60-Total-Solar-Intensity-Sensor-edited-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-C60-Total-Solar-Intensity-Sensor-edited-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-C60-Total-Solar-Intensity-Sensor-edited-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ed0ng quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi XF-CT10<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung (CSP) v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: D\u1ea3i quang ph\u1ed5: 400\u20132800 nm; \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: \u00b12%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng: \u0110o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image6152_87706b-bc .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image6152_87706b-bc\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube.webp\" alt=\"\u1ed0ng quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi XF-CT10\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-6198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/XF-CT10-Pyrheliometer-Optical-Tube-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pyranometer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WMO) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a pyranometer th\u00f4ng qua ba h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh, m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n pyranometer \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 H\u1ec7 tham chi\u1ebfu b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WRR), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong kho\u1ea3ng 0,31 TP3T.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba lo\u1ea1i pyranometer c\u1ee7a WMO t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ISO nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i A (Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao)<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i B (Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t)<\/strong>: Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t chung v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i C (Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh)<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi d\u1ea3i gi\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng (t\u1eeb $200 \u0111\u1ebfn $5.000+), vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa nhu c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i A)<\/strong>:<br>N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ki\u1ec3u thermopile lo\u1ea1i A theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9060 ($2,000-$5,000). C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u01a1i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (Lo\u1ea1i B \u2013 \u0110\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n)<\/strong>:<br>Khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i B ($800-$2,000) cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee7 cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00f9ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c (lo\u1ea1i C ho\u1eb7c photodiode \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn)<\/strong>:<br>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i chung, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i C ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n ($200-$800) l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/strong>:<br>Trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao<\/strong>:<br>\u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 v\u00f2m th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1eeb xa<\/strong>:<br>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi v\u00f2m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/strong>:<br>C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (thermopile pyranometers) t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p (0\u201350 mV), do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (16 bit tr\u1edf l\u00ean). C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (photodiode) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00e1c nhau (0\u20135 V, 4\u201320 mA), \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong>:<br>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a pyranometer t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 th\u00e0nh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (W\/m\u00b2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong>:<br>H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (Modbus RTU, SDI-12, v.v.) hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Yantai Sensor t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a?<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/lien-he-voi-chung-toi\/\"> Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> H\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Yantai Sensor \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t pyranometer<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng s\u1ebd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1eadt c\u1ea3n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn:<\/strong> T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WMO) khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t pyranometer ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 g\u00f3c che khu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi &lt;10\u00b0 \u1edf m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 &lt;5\u00b0. M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 10 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y cao 5 m\u00e9t ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch xa \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 50 m\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/strong> Tr\u00e1nh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao nh\u01b0 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ee7 tuy\u1ebft, tr\u1eeb khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1. C\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0, h\u00e3y l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 0,5\u20131 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ngang (pyranometer) l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 1,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (PV) \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u1ea3ng pin (POA), c\u1ea7n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao gi\u1eefa m\u1ea3ng pin v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a khung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ngang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00b11\u00b0. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed. C\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c khi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ecb l\u00fan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>G\u00f3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o GHI, h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00f3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c pyranometer nghi\u00eang d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t (POA), c\u1ea7n c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn sao cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00f3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam th\u1ef1c \u1edf B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc th\u1ef1c \u1edf Nam b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u). S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng la b\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sai s\u1ed1 do \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p:<\/strong> H\u00e3y d\u1eabn d\u00e2y c\u00e1p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. Tr\u00e1nh \u0111i d\u00e2y c\u00e1p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t xung quanh th\u00e2n c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00f2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o sau khi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t:<\/strong> \u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u1edf, n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. H\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn Yantai<\/strong> ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng xem x\u00e9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec7 sinh m\u00e1i v\u00f2m:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e2n chim, b\u1ee5i, ph\u1ea5n hoa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c b\u00e1m tr\u00ean v\u00f2m k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 2\u201310%TP3T, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> H\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i, h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n, sau c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1edbn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/strong> N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m, kh\u00f4ng x\u01a1. Tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o v\u00f2m b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u1ea7n (d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ebft b\u00e1m c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed3n isopropyl ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eeda m\u00e1i v\u00f2m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phun n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) c\u00f3 h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a gel silica), c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf khi ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a (m\u00e0u s\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xanh lam sang h\u1ed3ng). \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n v\u00f2m s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai s\u1ed1 trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/strong> C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd c\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed (c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1p (b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t (r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f2m (v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <strong>hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i 2 n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3\u20135 n\u0103m n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra so s\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (WRR \u2013 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Tham chi\u1ebfu Ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>So s\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba:<\/strong> So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi quang \u0111\u00e3ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u00b12%, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m tham chi\u1ebfu l\u00e2n c\u1eadn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f2m ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (s\u00e9t, m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng (v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e2n c\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5u:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p k\u00e9m, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc di chuy\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ra xa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y k\u00ednh v\u00f2m b\u1ecb b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng \u0111i v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn Yantai <\/a>h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, xin \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:10px;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:13px;padding-right:15px;padding-bottom:13px;padding-left:15px;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-top:1px solid #BE530B;border-right:1px solid #BE530B;border-bottom:1px solid #BE530B;border-left:1px solid #BE530B;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #BE530B;border-right:1px solid #BE530B;border-bottom:1px solid #BE530B;border-left:1px solid #BE530B;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:10px;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #BE530B;border-right:1px solid #BE530B;border-bottom:1px solid #BE530B;border-left:1px solid #BE530B;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id6152_12350f-51 kt-accordion-has-8-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane6152_07bb56-15\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa pyranometer v\u00e0 pyrheliometer l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong> \u0111o t\u1ed5ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ngang to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u) t\u1eeb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngang, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. A <strong>m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong> ch\u1ec9 \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (DNI), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u0129a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo d\u00f5i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyrheliometer) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung (CSP).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane6152_82b35b-5d\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>T\u00f4i n\u00ean v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi bao l\u00e2u m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. <strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> N\u00ean v\u1ec7 sinh h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n. <strong>C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4\/n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd:<\/strong> V\u1ec7 sinh h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. <strong>C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i m\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 2\u201351%. Lu\u00f4n v\u1ec7 sinh sau c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o b\u1ee5i l\u1edbn, m\u00f9a ph\u1ea5n hoa d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a chim.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-3 kt-pane6152_6061d5-c7\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i photodiode \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ban \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, th\u00ec c\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, <strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn photodiode kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a<\/strong> l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. D\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (400\u20131100 nm so v\u1edbi 285\u20132800 nm c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra sai s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ki\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (thermopile pyranometers) \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9060 Lo\u1ea1i A ho\u1eb7c B, k\u00e8m theo quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-4 kt-pane6152_591acc-f1\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9060 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO 9060:2018 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (pyranometer) th\u00e0nh ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o: <strong>Lo\u1ea1i A (Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trung h\u1ecdc)<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00b11-2% cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n; <strong>H\u1ea1ng B (H\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t)<\/strong> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00b12\u201351 TP3T, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng; <strong>H\u1ea1ng C (H\u1ea1ng hai)<\/strong> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00b15\u2013101 TP3T cho vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc chung. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec3m 0, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-5 kt-pane6152_c58933-6b\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>M\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd bao l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ki\u1ec3u thermopile ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u00f3 <strong>tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/strong> n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m: v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00f2m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 (m\u1ed7i 2\u20135 n\u0103m). C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u1eeb 5\u201310 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o silicon \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 v\u00f2m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, cho ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2n trang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-6 kt-pane6152_c4ae92-7d\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. <strong>ISO 9060 Lo\u1ea1i A:<\/strong> \u00b11\u201321 TP3T trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u00b13\u201351 TP3T khi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. <strong>Lo\u1ea1i B:<\/strong> \u00b12-5% l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u00b15-8% l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. <strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u00b15\u2013101 TP3T t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-7 kt-pane6152_1e606f-f9\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>Chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <strong>c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o GHI theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang<\/strong>, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh <strong>1,5\u20132 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong> tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t c\u1ecf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <strong>c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0<\/strong>, g\u1eafn <strong>0,5\u20131 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 <strong>C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u1ea3ng (POA) t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong>, l\u1eafp c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nghi\u00eang t\u1ea1i <strong>chi\u1ec1u cao gi\u1eefa d\u00e3y<\/strong> n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a khung. Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn 360\u00b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi g\u00f3c che khu\u1ea5t &lt;10\u00b0 (t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 &lt;5\u00b0).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Solar radiation is the fundamental energy source that drives Earth&#8217;s&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5932,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":11,"label":"Blog"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/pyranometer-17.webp",800,600,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/author\/admin"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":11,"name":"Blog","slug":"blog","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":11,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":68,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":11,"category_count":68,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Blog","category_nicename":"blog","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6152"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6199,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6152\/revisions\/6199"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yantaisensor.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}